Step 1: Create a new Python project
A project is how Visual Studio manages all the files that come together to produce a single application. Application files include source code, resources, and configurations. A project formalizes and maintains the relationships among all the project’s files. The project also manages external resources that are shared between multiple projects. A project allows your application to effortlessly expand and grow. Using projects is easier than managing relationships by hand in unplanned folders, scripts, text files, and your memory.
This tutorial begins with a simple project containing a single, empty code file.
-
In Visual Studio, select File > New > Project to open the New Project dialog. You can also use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+N. In the dialog, you can browse templates across different languages, select a template for your project, and specify where Visual Studio places files.
-
To view Python templates, select Installed > Python on the left menu, or search for “Python.” The search option is a great way to find a template when you can’t remember its location in the languages tree.
Python support in Visual Studio includes several project templates, including web applications using the Bottle, Flask, and Django frameworks. For the purposes of this walkthrough, however, let’s start with an empty project.
-
Select the Python Application template, specify a name for the project, and select OK.
-
In Visual Studio, select File > New > Project or use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+N. The Create a new project screen opens, where you can search and browse templates across different languages.
-
To view Python templates, search for python. Search is a great way to find a template when you can’t remember its location in the languages tree.
Python web support in Visual Studio includes several project templates, such as web applications in the Bottle, Flask, and Django frameworks. When you install Python with the Visual Studio Installer, select Python Web Support under Optional to install these templates. For this tutorial, start with an empty project.
-
Select the Python Application template, and select Next.
-
On the Configure your new project screen, specify a name and file location for the project, and then select Create.
After a few moments, your new project opens in Visual Studio:
Here’s what you see:
- (1) The Visual Studio Solution Explorer window shows the project structure.
- (2) The default code file opens in the editor.
- (3) The Properties window shows more information for the item selected in Solution Explorer, including its exact location on disk.
Rich editing, IntelliSense, and code comprehension
Visual Studio provides a first-class Python editor, including syntax coloring, autocomplete across all your code and libraries, code formatting, signature help, refactoring, linting, and type hints. Visual Studio also provides unique features like class view, Go to Definition, Find All References, and code snippets. Direct integration with the Interactive window helps you quickly develop existing Python code in a file.
For more information:
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Python support in Visual Studio on Windows
Python is a popular programming language that’s reliable, flexible, easy to learn, free to use on all operating systems, and supported by both a strong developer community and many free libraries. Python supports all manner of development, including web applications, web services, desktop apps, scripting, and scientific computing. Scientists, casual developers, professional developers, and many universities alike use Python for programming. You can learn more about the language on python.org and Python for Beginners.
Visual Studio is a powerful Python IDE on Windows. Visual Studio provides open-source support for the Python language through the Python Development and Data Science workloads (Visual Studio 2017 and later) and the free Python Tools for Visual Studio extension (Visual Studio 2015 and earlier). Tour the Visual Studio IDE to familiarize yourself with the IDE features for writing and editing Python code.
Visual Studio Code is available on Mac and Linux. For more information, see questions and answers.
To get started:
-
Follow the installation instructions to set up the Python workload.
-
Familiarize yourself with the Python capabilities of Visual Studio through the sections in this article.
-
Go through one or more of the Quickstarts to create a project. If you’re unsure, start with Quickstart: Open and run Python code in a folder or Create a web app with Flask.
-
Follow the Work with Python in Visual Studio tutorial for a full end-to-end experience.
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Trong bài viết kỳ này, Học Viện Agile sẽ hướng dẫn bạn cách download, cài đặt lập trình Python trên Visual Studio Code 2017 và các extension cần thiết để lập trình dễ dàng, tiện lợi hơn.
Visual Studio Code là trình hỗ trợ soạn thảo code có sẵn cho macOS, Windows và Linux. Visual Studio Code đi kèm với hệ sinh thái mở rộng phong phú, kèm các ngôn ngữ C++, C#, Java, Python, Go… Trình biên tập mã Visual Studio Code là phần mềm mã nguồn mở được phát triển bởi Microsoft, có khả năng hỗ trợ debug, đi kèm với Git, syntax highlighting, hoàn thành mã thông minh và cải tiến mã nguồn. Người dùng cũng có thể tùy chỉnh thay đổi theme, phím tắt và nhiều tùy chọn khác.
Visual Studio Code – công cụ hỗ trợ lập trình Python mạnh mẽ
Yêu cầu cấu hình tối thiểu
Ưu điểm
Nhược điểm
Để kiểm tra máy đã cài phiên bản Python 3 chưa, bạn sử dụng lệnh Python – version. Nếu máy đã cài đặt Python, màn hình sẽ hiện ra version và không báo lỗi.
Trong trường hợp máy chưa cài đặt Python, bạn download tại đây.
Đối với hệ điều hành macOS, sau khi cài đặt Python, các bạn vào thư mục Python tìm file Install Certificates.command. Nhấn Enter mở file, file tự động chạy và tạo certificates dùng khi chạy chương trình sau này.
Lưu ý: Nhớ đánh dấu chọn Add Python to PATH để câu lệnh có thể được chạy từ bất kỳ đâu.
Link tải bộ cài đặt Visual Studio Code
Nếu bạn đang phát triển các phần mềm liên quan đến data science, có thể cài đặt thêm các ứng dụng hỗ trợ tính toán và data science. Tham khảo thêm tại đây.
Ở cột bên phải, ấn tick vào các tùy chọn. Có thể bỏ qua phần này nếu bạn muốn sử dụng tùy chọn mặc định.
Diễn giải các tùy chọn
Tùy chọn | Giải thích |
Python distributions | Gồm các tùy chọn 32-bit, 64-bit và Python 2, Python 3, Miniconda, Anaconda2, Anaconda3. Anaconda là platform mã nguồn mở bao gồm nhiều gói cài đặt. |
Cookiecutter template support | Cài đặt Cookiecutte GUI để thêm template, tạo project và file. Xem thêm tại đây. |
Python web support | Cài đặt công cụ phát triển web như HTML, CSS và JavaScript cùng Bottle, Flask, Django. Xem thêm tại đây. |
Python native development tools | Cài đặt trình biên dịch C++ và các ứng dụng cần thiết khác để phát triển thêm các phần mở rộng cho Python. |
Sau khi tải về trình cài đặt, các bạn có thể chọn Modify (điều chỉnh), Launch, Repair hoặc Uninstall Visual Studio. Nút Modify cho phép bạn tùy chọn cập nhật khi có bản updates của Visual Studio.
Visual Studio IntelliCode là extension giúp hỗ trợ viết code tốt hơn nhờ trí tuệ nhân tạo. Trong tương lai, extension này có thể sẽ được tích hợp ngay trong Visual Studio Code.
Visual Studio Intellicode hỗ trợ viết code nhanh, đơn giản
Để tiết kiệm thời gian chỉnh sửa cài đặt trình soạn thảo code, bạn có thể sử dụng Setting Sync. Extension này dùng GitHub Gist để đồng bộ cài đặt, người dùng chỉ cần thay đổi trên một máy là có thể dễ dàng đồng bộ trên nhiều máy khác. Quá trình đồng bộ thường mất vài phút và có thể kiểm tra thiết lập thông qua mục tổng quan Extensions trong Visual Studio Code.
Extension phù hợp cho các lập trình viên cần chỉnh sửa file cấu hình hệ thống, cho phép hoàn thành kiểu Intellisense cho tên file, nhập đường dẫn dài mà không cần lưu vào bộ nhớ.
GitLens có chế độ xem khác biệt, giúp người dùng so sánh các commit và branch, cho phép người sử dụng tìm kiếm thông tin lịch sử commit dự án, tên tác giả, file…
GitLens giúp lập trình viên xem khác biệt giữa commit và branch
Code Time giúp theo dõi hoạt động của lập trình viên Visual Studio Code, báo cáo cho bạn khoảng thời gian nào là tốt nhất trong ngày để lập trình. Ngoài ra, người dùng có thể thiết lập chế độ gửi báo cáo qua email hàng tuần hoặc lên lịch cùng Google Calendar.
Theo dõi thời gian hoạt động với Code Time để tăng năng suất và hiệu quả làm việc
Trên đây là một số hướng dẫn giúp các bạn dễ dàng cài đặt và lập trình Python trên Visual Studio 2017. Ngoài kiến thức chuyên môn, để tiến xa hơn trong sự nghiệp, lập trình viên cần trang bị thêm kỹ năng quản trị dự án, điều phối công việc để phát huy tối đa năng lực của đội nhóm. Các bạn có thể tham khảo thêm về Agile Software Development – tư duy phát triển phần mềm đem lại hiệu quả và năng suất cao, đang là sự lựa chọn hàng đầu của khách hàng & nhà phát triển. Mô hình Agile đã được áp dụng rất rộng rãi trên thế giới và bắt được phát triển mạnh mẽ tại Việt Nam. Học viện Agile tự hào là đơn vị đầu tiên đưa Agile đến gần hơn với các doanh nghiệp và cá nhân trong ngành công nghệ tại Việt Nam.
Chưa có sản phẩm nào trong giỏ hàng.
Tutorial: Work with Python in Visual Studio
In this tutorial, you learn how to work with Python in Visual Studio. Python is a popular programming language that’s reliable, flexible, easy to learn, and free to use on all operating systems. Python is supported by a strong developer community and many free libraries. The language supports all kinds of development, including web applications, web services, desktop apps, scripting, and scientific computing. Many universities, scientists, casual developers, and professional developers use Python. Visual Studio provides first-class language support for Python.
This tutorial guides you through a six-step process:
- Step 1: Create a Python project (this article)
- Step 2: Write and run code to see Visual Studio IntelliSense at work
- Step 3: Create more code in the Interactive REPL window
- Step 4: Run the completed program in the Visual Studio debugger
- Step 5: Install packages and manage Python environments
- Step 6: Work with Git
This article covers the tasks in Step 1. You create a new project and review the UI elements visible in Solution Explorer.
Project system, and project and item templates
Visual Studio helps you manage the complexity of a project as it grows over time. A Visual Studio project is more than a folder structure. A project aids in the understanding of how different files are used and how they relate to each other. Visual Studio helps you distinguish app code, test code, web pages, JavaScript, build scripts, and so on, which then enable file-appropriate features. A Visual Studio solution helps you manage multiple related projects, such as a Python project and a C++ extension project.
Note
In Visual Studio 2019 and later, you can open a folder containing Python code and run that code without creating a Visual Studio project or solution file. For more information, see Quickstart: Open and run Python code in a folder. Keep in mind that there are benefits to using a project file, as explained in this section.
The following image shows an example of a Visual Studio solution containing both Python and Flask projects in Solution Explorer.
Project and item templates automate the process of setting up different types of projects and files. The templates save you valuable time and relieve you from managing intricate and error-prone details. Visual Studio provides templates for web, Azure, data science, console, and other types of projects. You can find templates for files like Python classes, unit tests, Azure web configuration, HTML, and even Django apps.
For more information:
- Manage Python projects
- Item templates reference
- Python project templates
- Work with C++ and Python
- Create project and item templates
- Solutions and projects in Visual Studio
Interactive window
For every Python environment known to Visual Studio, you can easily open the same interactive (REPL) environment for a Python interpreter directly within Visual Studio, rather than using a separate command prompt. You can easily switch between environments as well. To open a separate command prompt, select your desired environment in the Python Environments window, then select the Open in PowerShell command as explained earlier in the Support for multiple interpreters section.
Visual Studio also provides tight integration between the Python code editor and the Interactive window. The Ctrl+Enter keyboard shortcut conveniently sends the current line of code (or code block) in the editor to the Interactive window, then moves to the next line (or block). Ctrl+Enter lets you easily step through code without having to run the debugger. You can also send selected code to the Interactive window with the same keystroke, and easily paste code from the Interactive window into the editor. Together, these capabilities allow you to work out details for a segment of code in the Interactive window and easily save the results in a file in the editor.
Visual Studio also supports IPython/Jupyter in the REPL, including inline plots, .NET, and Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF).
For more information:
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Step 5: Install packages in your Python environment
Previous step: Run code in the debugger
The Python developer community has produced thousands of useful packages that you can incorporate into your own projects. Visual Studio provides a UI to manage packages in your Python environments.
Full-featured debugging
One of Visual Studio’s strengths is its powerful debugger. For Python in particular, Visual Studio includes Python/C++ mixed-mode debugging, remote debugging on Linux, debugging within the Interactive window, and debugging Python unit tests.
In Visual Studio 2019 and later, you can run and debug code without having a Visual Studio project file. See Quickstart: Open and run Python code in a folder for an example.
For more information:
- Debug Python
- Python/C++ mixed-mode debugging
- Remote debugging on Linux
- Feature tour of the Visual Studio Debugger
Install packages using the Python Environments window
-
From the Python Environments window, select the default environment for new Python projects and choose the Packages tab. You’ll then see a list of packages that are currently installed in the environment.
-
Install
matplotlib
by entering its name into the search field and then selecting the Run command: pip install matplotlib option. Running the command will install
matplotlib
, and any packages it depends on (in this case that includes
numpy
). -
Choose the Packages tab.
-
Consent to elevation if prompted to do so.
-
After the package is installed, it appears in the Python Environments window. The X to the right of the package uninstalls it.
-
Consent to elevation if prompted to do so.
-
After the package installs, it appears in the Python Environments window. The X to the right of the package uninstalls it.
Note
A small progress bar might appear underneath the environment to indicate that Visual Studio is building its IntelliSense database for the newly-installed package. The IntelliSense tab also shows more detailed information. Be aware that until that database is complete, IntelliSense features like auto-completion and syntax checking won’t be active in the editor for that package.
Visual Studio 2017 version 15.6 and later uses a different and faster method for working with IntelliSense, and displays a message to that effect on the IntelliSense tab.
Download and install the Python workload
Complete the following steps to download and install the Python workload.
-
Download and run the latest Visual Studio Installer for Windows. Python support is present in release 15.2 and later. If you have Visual Studio installed already, open Visual Studio and run the installer by selecting Tools > Get Tools and Features.
Tip
The Community edition is for individual developers, classroom learning, academic research, and open source development. For other uses, install Visual Studio Professional or Visual Studio Enterprise.
-
The installer provides a list of workloads that are groups of related options for specific development areas. For Python, select the Python development workload and select Install:
Python installation options Description Python distributions Choose any combination of Python distribution that you plan to work with. Common options include 32-bit and 64-bit variants of Python 2, Python 3, Miniconda, Anaconda 2, and Anaconda 3. Each option includes the distribution’s interpreter, runtime, and libraries. Anaconda, specifically, is an open data science platform that includes a wide range of preinstalled packages. Visual Studio automatically detects existing Python installations. For more information, see The Python Environments window. Also, if a newer version of Python is available than the version shown in the installer, you can install the new version separately and Visual Studio detects it. Cookiecutter template support Install the Cookiecutter graphical UI to discover templates, input template options, and create projects and files. For more information, see Use the Cookiecutter extension. Python web support Install tools for web development including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript editing support, along with templates for projects using the Bottle, Flask, and Django frameworks. For more information, see Python web project templates. Python native development tools Install the C++ compiler and other necessary components to develop native extensions for Python. For more information, see Create a C++ extension for Python. Also install the Desktop development with C++ workload for full C++ support. By default, the Python workload installs for all users on a computer under:
%ProgramFiles%\Microsoft Visual Studio\
\
Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Python
where
is 2022 and
is Community, Professional, or Enterprise.
%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\
\
Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Python
where
is 2019 or 2017 and
is Community, Professional, or Enterprise.
Support for multiple interpreters
Visual Studio’s Python Environments window gives you a single place to manage all of your global Python environments, conda environments, and virtual environments. Visual Studio automatically detects installations of Python in standard locations, and allows you to configure custom installations. With each environment, you can easily manage packages, open an interactive window for that environment, and access environment folders.
Use the Open interactive window command to run Python interactively within the context of Visual Studio. Use the Open in PowerShell command to open a separate command window in the folder of the selected environment. In that command window, you can run any python script.
For more information:
3 Answers
You can find the Python development workload by selecting the Workloads tab and scrolling down to Web & Cloud. Once selected, you can check additional optional components under the Summary to the right.
As of 5/6/2017 the only way to use the python tools in visual studio 2017 is through the preview channel.
Since yesterday, you can install the Python Workload using your Visual Studio 2017installer.
Install Python support in Visual Studio
Python support is available only on Visual Studio for Windows. On Mac and Linux, Python support is available through Visual Studio Code.
Support for multiple interpreters
Visual Studio’s Python Environments window gives you a single place to manage all of your global Python environments, conda environments, and virtual environments. Visual Studio automatically detects installations of Python in standard locations, and allows you to configure custom installations. With each environment, you can easily manage packages, open an interactive window for that environment, and access environment folders.
Use the Open interactive window command to run Python interactively within the context of Visual Studio. Use the Open in PowerShell command to open a separate command window in the folder of the selected environment. In that command window, you can run any python script.
For more information:
Full-featured debugging
One of Visual Studio’s strengths is its powerful debugger. For Python in particular, Visual Studio includes Python/C++ mixed-mode debugging, remote debugging on Linux, debugging within the Interactive window, and debugging Python unit tests.
In Visual Studio 2019 and later, you can run and debug code without having a Visual Studio project file. See Quickstart: Open and run Python code in a folder for an example.
For more information:
- Debug Python
- Python/C++ mixed-mode debugging
- Remote debugging on Linux
- Feature tour of the Visual Studio Debugger
Phản hồi
Gửi và xem ý kiến phản hồi dành cho
Python support in Visual Studio on Windows
Python is a popular programming language that’s reliable, flexible, easy to learn, free to use on all operating systems, and supported by both a strong developer community and many free libraries. Python supports all manner of development, including web applications, web services, desktop apps, scripting, and scientific computing. Scientists, casual developers, professional developers, and many universities alike use Python for programming. You can learn more about the language on python.org and Python for Beginners.
Visual Studio is a powerful Python IDE on Windows. Visual Studio provides open-source support for the Python language through the Python Development and Data Science workloads (Visual Studio 2017 and later) and the free Python Tools for Visual Studio extension (Visual Studio 2015 and earlier). Tour the Visual Studio IDE to familiarize yourself with the IDE features for writing and editing Python code.
Visual Studio Code is available on Mac and Linux. For more information, see questions and answers.
To get started:
-
Follow the installation instructions to set up the Python workload.
-
Familiarize yourself with the Python capabilities of Visual Studio through the sections in this article.
-
Go through one or more of the Quickstarts to create a project. If you’re unsure, start with Quickstart: Open and run Python code in a folder or Create a web app with Flask.
-
Follow the Work with Python in Visual Studio tutorial for a full end-to-end experience.
View environments
-
Select the View > Other Windows > Python Environments menu command. The Python Environments window opens as a peer to Solution Explorer and shows the different environments available to you. The list shows both environments that you installed using the Visual Studio installer and environments you installed separately. That includes global, virtual, and conda environments. The environment in bold is the default environment that’s used for new projects. For more information about working with environments, see How to create and manage Python environments in Visual Studio environments.
Note
You can also use the Ctrl+K, Ctrl+` keyboard shortcut to open the Python Environments window from the Solution Explorer window. If the shortcut doesn’t work and you can’t find the Python Environments window in the menu, it’s possible that you haven’t installed the Python workload. See How to install Python support in Visual Studio on Windows for guidance about how to install Python.
With a Python project open, you can open the Python Environments window from Solution Explorer. Right-click Python Environments and select View All Python Environments.
-
Now, create a new project with File > New > Project, selecting the Python Application template.
-
In the code file that appears, paste the following code, which creates a cosine wave like the previous tutorial steps, only this time plotted graphically. You can also use the project you previously created and replace the code.
from math import radians import numpy as np # installed with matplotlib import matplotlib.pyplot as plt def main(): x = np.arange(0, radians(1800), radians(12)) plt.plot(x, np.cos(x), 'b') plt.show() main()
-
In the editor window, hover over the
numpy
and
matplotlib
import statements. You’ll notice that they aren’t resolved. To resolve the import statements, install the packages to the default global environment. -
When you look at the editor window, notice that when you hover over the
numpy
and
matplotlib
import statements that they aren’t resolved. The reason is the packages haven’t been installed to the default global environment.For example, select Open interactive window and an Interactive window for that specific environment appears in Visual Studio.
-
Use the drop-down list below the list of environments to switch to the Packages tab.The Packages tab lists all packages that are currently installed in the environment.
Test your install
Quickly check your installation of Python support:
-
Launch Visual Studio.
-
Select Alt + I to open the Python Interactive window.
-
In the window, enter the statement
2+2
.The statement output
displays in the window. If you don’t see the correct output, recheck your steps.
Review elements in Solution Explorer
Take some time to familiarize yourself with Solution Explorer, where you can browse files and folders in your project.
-
(1) At the top level is the solution, which by default has the same name as your project. A solution, which is shown as an .sln file on disk, is a container for one or more related projects. For example, if you write a C++ extension for your Python application, that C++ project can be in the same solution. The solution might also contain a project for a web service, and projects for dedicated test programs.
-
(2) Your project is highlighted in bold and uses the name you entered in the Create a new project dialog. On disk, this project is represented by a .pyproj file in your project folder.
-
(3) Under your project you see source files. In this example, you have only a single .py file. Selecting a file displays its properties in the Properties window. If you don’t see the Properties window, select the wrench icon in the Solution Explorer banner. Double-clicking a file opens it in whatever way is appropriate for that file.
-
(4) Also under the project is the Python Environments node. Expand the node to show the available Python interpreters.
-
(5) Expand an interpreter node to see the libraries installed in that environment.
Right-click any node or item in Solution Explorer to show a context menu of applicable commands. For example, Rename lets you change the name of a node or item, including the project and the solution.
Review elements in Solution Explorer
Take some time to familiarize yourself with Solution Explorer, where you can browse files and folders in your project.
-
(1) At the top level is the solution, which by default has the same name as your project. A solution, which is shown as an .sln file on disk, is a container for one or more related projects. For example, if you write a C++ extension for your Python application, that C++ project can be in the same solution. The solution might also contain a project for a web service, and projects for dedicated test programs.
-
(2) Your project is highlighted in bold and uses the name you entered in the Create a new project dialog. On disk, this project is represented by a .pyproj file in your project folder.
-
(3) Under your project you see source files. In this example, you have only a single .py file. Selecting a file displays its properties in the Properties window. If you don’t see the Properties window, select the wrench icon in the Solution Explorer banner. Double-clicking a file opens it in whatever way is appropriate for that file.
-
(4) Also under the project is the Python Environments node. Expand the node to show the available Python interpreters.
-
(5) Expand an interpreter node to see the libraries installed in that environment.
Right-click any node or item in Solution Explorer to show a context menu of applicable commands. For example, Rename lets you change the name of a node or item, including the project and the solution.
Interactive window
For every Python environment known to Visual Studio, you can easily open the same interactive (REPL) environment for a Python interpreter directly within Visual Studio, rather than using a separate command prompt. You can easily switch between environments as well. To open a separate command prompt, select your desired environment in the Python Environments window, then select the Open in PowerShell command as explained earlier in the Support for multiple interpreters section.
Visual Studio also provides tight integration between the Python code editor and the Interactive window. The Ctrl+Enter keyboard shortcut conveniently sends the current line of code (or code block) in the editor to the Interactive window, then moves to the next line (or block). Ctrl+Enter lets you easily step through code without having to run the debugger. You can also send selected code to the Interactive window with the same keystroke, and easily paste code from the Interactive window into the editor. Together, these capabilities allow you to work out details for a segment of code in the Interactive window and easily save the results in a file in the editor.
Visual Studio also supports IPython/Jupyter in the REPL, including inline plots, .NET, and Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF).
For more information:
Questions and answers
Q. Is Python support available with Visual Studio for Mac?
A. Visual Studio for Mac isn’t currently supported. For more information, see What’s happening to Visual Studio for Mac? Visual Studio Code on Windows, Mac, and Linux works well with Python through available extensions.
Q. What can I use to build UI with Python?
A. The main offering in this area is the Qt Project with bindings for Python known as PySide (the official binding) (also see PySide downloads) and PyQt. Python support in Visual Studio doesn’t include any specific tools for UI development.
Q. Can a Python project produce a stand-alone executable?
A. Python is generally an interpreted language, where code is run on demand in a suitable Python-capable environment such as Visual Studio and web servers. Visual Studio doesn’t currently provide the means to create a stand-alone executable, which essentially means a program with an embedded Python interpreter. However, the Python community offers different means to create executables as described on StackOverflow. CPython also supports being embedded within a native application, as described on the blog post, Using CPython’s embeddable zip file.
Rich editing, IntelliSense, and code comprehension
Visual Studio provides a first-class Python editor, including syntax coloring, autocomplete across all your code and libraries, code formatting, signature help, refactoring, linting, and type hints. Visual Studio also provides unique features like class view, Go to Definition, Find All References, and code snippets. Direct integration with the Interactive window helps you quickly develop existing Python code in a file.
For more information:
Step 1: Create a new Python project
A project is how Visual Studio manages all the files that come together to produce a single application. Application files include source code, resources, and configurations. A project formalizes and maintains the relationships among all the project’s files. The project also manages external resources that are shared between multiple projects. A project allows your application to effortlessly expand and grow. Using projects is easier than managing relationships by hand in unplanned folders, scripts, text files, and your memory.
This tutorial begins with a simple project containing a single, empty code file.
-
In Visual Studio, select File > New > Project to open the New Project dialog. You can also use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+N. In the dialog, you can browse templates across different languages, select a template for your project, and specify where Visual Studio places files.
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To view Python templates, select Installed > Python on the left menu, or search for “Python.” The search option is a great way to find a template when you can’t remember its location in the languages tree.
Python support in Visual Studio includes several project templates, including web applications using the Bottle, Flask, and Django frameworks. For the purposes of this walkthrough, however, let’s start with an empty project.
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Select the Python Application template, specify a name for the project, and select OK.
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In Visual Studio, select File > New > Project or use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+N. The Create a new project screen opens, where you can search and browse templates across different languages.
-
To view Python templates, search for python. Search is a great way to find a template when you can’t remember its location in the languages tree.
Python web support in Visual Studio includes several project templates, such as web applications in the Bottle, Flask, and Django frameworks. When you install Python with the Visual Studio Installer, select Python Web Support under Optional to install these templates. For this tutorial, start with an empty project.
-
Select the Python Application template, and select Next.
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On the Configure your new project screen, specify a name and file location for the project, and then select Create.
After a few moments, your new project opens in Visual Studio:
Here’s what you see:
- (1) The Visual Studio Solution Explorer window shows the project structure.
- (2) The default code file opens in the editor.
- (3) The Properties window shows more information for the item selected in Solution Explorer, including its exact location on disk.
Questions and answers
Q. Is Python support available with Visual Studio for Mac?
A. Visual Studio for Mac isn’t currently supported. For more information, see What’s happening to Visual Studio for Mac? Visual Studio Code on Windows, Mac, and Linux works well with Python through available extensions.
Q. What can I use to build UI with Python?
A. The main offering in this area is the Qt Project with bindings for Python known as PySide (the official binding) (also see PySide downloads) and PyQt. Python support in Visual Studio doesn’t include any specific tools for UI development.
Q. Can a Python project produce a stand-alone executable?
A. Python is generally an interpreted language, where code is run on demand in a suitable Python-capable environment such as Visual Studio and web servers. Visual Studio doesn’t currently provide the means to create a stand-alone executable, which essentially means a program with an embedded Python interpreter. However, the Python community offers different means to create executables as described on StackOverflow. CPython also supports being embedded within a native application, as described on the blog post, Using CPython’s embeddable zip file.
Download and install the Python workload
Complete the following steps to download and install the Python workload.
-
Download and run the latest Visual Studio Installer for Windows. Python support is present in release 15.2 and later. If you have Visual Studio installed already, open Visual Studio and run the installer by selecting Tools > Get Tools and Features.
Tip
The Community edition is for individual developers, classroom learning, academic research, and open source development. For other uses, install Visual Studio Professional or Visual Studio Enterprise.
-
The installer provides a list of workloads that are groups of related options for specific development areas. For Python, select the Python development workload and select Install:
Python installation options Description Python distributions Choose any combination of Python distribution that you plan to work with. Common options include 32-bit and 64-bit variants of Python 2, Python 3, Miniconda, Anaconda 2, and Anaconda 3. Each option includes the distribution’s interpreter, runtime, and libraries. Anaconda, specifically, is an open data science platform that includes a wide range of preinstalled packages. Visual Studio automatically detects existing Python installations. For more information, see The Python Environments window. Also, if a newer version of Python is available than the version shown in the installer, you can install the new version separately and Visual Studio detects it. Cookiecutter template support Install the Cookiecutter graphical UI to discover templates, input template options, and create projects and files. For more information, see Use the Cookiecutter extension. Python web support Install tools for web development including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript editing support, along with templates for projects using the Bottle, Flask, and Django frameworks. For more information, see Python web project templates. Python native development tools Install the C++ compiler and other necessary components to develop native extensions for Python. For more information, see Create a C++ extension for Python. Also install the Desktop development with C++ workload for full C++ support. By default, the Python workload installs for all users on a computer under:
%ProgramFiles%\Microsoft Visual Studio\
\
Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Python
where
is 2022 and
is Community, Professional, or Enterprise.
%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\
\
Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Python
where
is 2019 or 2017 and
is Community, Professional, or Enterprise.
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I installed Visual Studio Enterprise 2017. I couldn’t find how to add Python there. So I had to install Visual Studio Preview 2017 with Python (as they advise here). So now I have 2 installations of VS 2017 which is not good. Is there any way to install python support to VS 2017(not preview)?
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Modified 6 years, 5 months ago
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Test your install
Quickly check your installation of Python support:
-
Launch Visual Studio.
-
Select Alt + I to open the Python Interactive window.
-
In the window, enter the statement
2+2
.The statement output
displays in the window. If you don’t see the correct output, recheck your steps.
Project system, and project and item templates
Visual Studio helps you manage the complexity of a project as it grows over time. A Visual Studio project is more than a folder structure. A project aids in the understanding of how different files are used and how they relate to each other. Visual Studio helps you distinguish app code, test code, web pages, JavaScript, build scripts, and so on, which then enable file-appropriate features. A Visual Studio solution helps you manage multiple related projects, such as a Python project and a C++ extension project.
Note
In Visual Studio 2019 and later, you can open a folder containing Python code and run that code without creating a Visual Studio project or solution file. For more information, see Quickstart: Open and run Python code in a folder. Keep in mind that there are benefits to using a project file, as explained in this section.
The following image shows an example of a Visual Studio solution containing both Python and Flask projects in Solution Explorer.
Project and item templates automate the process of setting up different types of projects and files. The templates save you valuable time and relieve you from managing intricate and error-prone details. Visual Studio provides templates for web, Azure, data science, console, and other types of projects. You can find templates for files like Python classes, unit tests, Azure web configuration, HTML, and even Django apps.
For more information:
- Manage Python projects
- Item templates reference
- Python project templates
- Work with C++ and Python
- Create project and item templates
- Solutions and projects in Visual Studio
Download and install the Python workload
Complete the following steps to download and install the Python workload.
-
Download and run the latest Visual Studio Installer for Windows. Python support is present in release 15.2 and later. If you have Visual Studio installed already, open Visual Studio and run the installer by selecting Tools > Get Tools and Features.
Tip
The Community edition is for individual developers, classroom learning, academic research, and open source development. For other uses, install Visual Studio Professional or Visual Studio Enterprise.
-
The installer provides a list of workloads that are groups of related options for specific development areas. For Python, select the Python development workload and select Install:
Python installation options Description Python distributions Choose any combination of Python distribution that you plan to work with. Common options include 32-bit and 64-bit variants of Python 2, Python 3, Miniconda, Anaconda 2, and Anaconda 3. Each option includes the distribution’s interpreter, runtime, and libraries. Anaconda, specifically, is an open data science platform that includes a wide range of preinstalled packages. Visual Studio automatically detects existing Python installations. For more information, see The Python Environments window. Also, if a newer version of Python is available than the version shown in the installer, you can install the new version separately and Visual Studio detects it. Cookiecutter template support Install the Cookiecutter graphical UI to discover templates, input template options, and create projects and files. For more information, see Use the Cookiecutter extension. Python web support Install tools for web development including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript editing support, along with templates for projects using the Bottle, Flask, and Django frameworks. For more information, see Python web project templates. Python native development tools Install the C++ compiler and other necessary components to develop native extensions for Python. For more information, see Create a C++ extension for Python. Also install the Desktop development with C++ workload for full C++ support. By default, the Python workload installs for all users on a computer under:
%ProgramFiles%\Microsoft Visual Studio\
\
Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Python
where
is 2022 and
is Community, Professional, or Enterprise.
%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\
\
Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Python
where
is 2019 or 2017 and
is Community, Professional, or Enterprise.
Feedback
Submit and view feedback for
Tutorial: Work with Python in Visual Studio
In this tutorial, you learn how to work with Python in Visual Studio. Python is a popular programming language that’s reliable, flexible, easy to learn, and free to use on all operating systems. Python is supported by a strong developer community and many free libraries. The language supports all kinds of development, including web applications, web services, desktop apps, scripting, and scientific computing. Many universities, scientists, casual developers, and professional developers use Python. Visual Studio provides first-class language support for Python.
This tutorial guides you through a six-step process:
- Step 1: Create a Python project (this article)
- Step 2: Write and run code to see Visual Studio IntelliSense at work
- Step 3: Create more code in the Interactive REPL window
- Step 4: Run the completed program in the Visual Studio debugger
- Step 5: Install packages and manage Python environments
- Step 6: Work with Git
This article covers the tasks in Step 1. You create a new project and review the UI elements visible in Solution Explorer.
Test your install
Quickly check your installation of Python support:
-
Launch Visual Studio.
-
Select Alt + I to open the Python Interactive window.
-
In the window, enter the statement
2+2
.The statement output
displays in the window. If you don’t see the correct output, recheck your steps.
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