Lcd Display Arduino 16X2 | Các Lỗi Thường Gặp Khi Sử Dụng I2C Lcd

Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) with Arduino

Find out how to wire an LCD to an Arduino, and how to use the LiquidCrystal library through a set of useful examples.

This article was revised on 2021/11/18 by Karl Söderby.

The LiquidCrystal library allows you to control LCD displays that are compatible with the Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.

The LCDs have a parallel interface, meaning that the microcontroller has to manipulate several interface pins at once to control the display. The interface consists of the following pins:

• A register select (RS) pin that controls where in the LCD’s memory you’re writing data to. You can select either the data register, which holds what goes on the screen, or an instruction register, which is where the LCD’s controller looks for instructions on what to do next.
• A Read/Write (R/W) pin that selects reading mode or writing mode
• An Enable pin that enables writing to the registers
• 8 data pins (D0 -D7). The states of these pins (high or low) are the bits that you’re writing to a register when you write, or the values you’re reading when you read.

There’s also a display contrast pin (Vo), power supply pins (+5V and GND) and LED Backlight (Bklt+ and BKlt-) pins that you can use to power the LCD, control the display contrast, and turn on and off the LED backlight, respectively.

The process of controlling the display involves putting the data that form the image of what you want to display into the data registers, then putting instructions in the instruction register. The LiquidCrystal Library simplifies this for you so you don’t need to know the low-level instructions.

The Hitachi-compatible LCDs can be controlled in two modes: 4-bit or 8-bit. The 4-bit mode requires seven I/O pins from the Arduino, while the 8-bit mode requires 11 pins. For displaying text on the screen, you can do most everything in 4-bit mode, so example shows how to control a 16×2 LCD in 4-bit mode.

Giao tiếp I2C LCD Arduino

Module I2C LCD 16×2	Arduino UNO
GND	GND
VCC	5V
SDA	A4/SDA
SCL	A5/SCL

Sơ đồ đấu nối

Các linh kiện cần thiết cho dự án:

Tên linh kiện	Số lượng	Shopee
Arduino UNO R3	Mua ngay
Dây cáp nạp	Mua ngay
Màn hình LCD 16×2	Mua ngay
Module I2C LCD 16×2	Mua ngay
Dây cắm (Đực – Cái)	Mua ngay

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Schematic

Hello World Example

This example sketch prints

to the LCD and shows the time in seconds since the Arduino was reset.

Hello World!


1/*2 LiquidCrystal Library – Hello World34 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal5 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the6 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you7 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.89 This sketch prints “Hello World!” to the LCD10 and shows the time.1112 The circuit:13 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 1214 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 1115 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 516 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 417 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 318 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 219 * LCD R/W pin to ground20 * LCD VSS pin to ground21 * LCD VCC pin to 5V22 * 10K resistor:23 * ends to +5V and ground24 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)2526 Library originally added 18 Apr 200827 by David A. Mellis28 library modified 5 Jul 200929 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)30 example added 9 Jul 200931 by Tom Igoe32 modified 22 Nov 201033 by Tom Igoe34 modified 7 Nov 201635 by Arturo Guadalupi3637 This example code is in the public domain.3839 https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/electronics/lcd-displays4041*/4243// include the library code:44#include 4546// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin47// with the arduino pin number it is connected to48const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;49LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);5051void setup() {52 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:53 lcd.begin(16, 2);54 // Print a message to the LCD.55 lcd.print(“hello, world!”);56}5758void loop() {59 // set the cursor to column 0, line 160 // (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0):61 lcd.setCursor(0, 1);62 // print the number of seconds since reset:63 lcd.print(millis() / 1000);64}

Autoscroll Example

This example sketch shows how to use the

and

autoscroll()


methods to move all the text on the display left or right.

noAutoscroll()


• moves all the text one space to the left each time a letter is added

  
autoscroll()


• turns scrolling off

  
noAutoscroll()


This sketch prints the characters

to

with autoscroll off, then moves the cursor to the bottom right, turns autoscroll on, and prints them again.

1/*23 LiquidCrystal Library – Autoscroll45 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal67 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the89 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you1011 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.1213 This sketch demonstrates the use of the autoscroll()1415 and noAutoscroll() functions to make new text scroll or not.1617 The circuit:1819 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 122021 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 112223 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 52425 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 42627 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 32829 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 23031 * LCD R/W pin to ground3233 * 10K resistor:3435 * ends to +5V and ground3637 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)3839 Library originally added 18 Apr 20084041 by David A. Mellis4243 library modified 5 Jul 20094445 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)4647 example added 9 Jul 20094849 by Tom Igoe5051 modified 22 Nov 20105253 by Tom Igoe5455 modified 7 Nov 20165657 by Arturo Guadalupi5859 This example code is in the public domain.6061 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalAutoscroll6263*/6465// include the library code:66#include 6768// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin69// with the arduino pin number it is connected to7071const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;7273LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);7475void setup() {7677 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:7879 lcd.begin(16, 2);80}8182void loop() {8384 // set the cursor to (0,0):8586 lcd.setCursor(0, 0);8788 // print from 0 to 9:8990 for (int thisChar = 0; thisChar < 10; thisChar++) {9192 lcd.print(thisChar);9394 delay(500);9596 }9798 // set the cursor to (16,1):99100 lcd.setCursor(16, 1);101102 // set the display to automatically scroll:103104 lcd.autoscroll();105106 // print from 0 to 9:107108 for (int thisChar = 0; thisChar < 10; thisChar++) {109110 lcd.print(thisChar);111112 delay(500);113114 }115116 // turn off automatic scrolling117118 lcd.noAutoscroll();119120 // clear screen for the next loop:121122 lcd.clear();123}

Blink Example

This example sketch shows how to use the

and

blink()


methods to blink a block-style cursor.

noBlink()


1/*23 LiquidCrystal Library – Blink45 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal67 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the89 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you1011 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.1213 This sketch prints “Hello World!” to the LCD and makes the1415 cursor block blink.1617 The circuit:1819 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 122021 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 112223 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 52425 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 42627 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 32829 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 23031 * LCD R/W pin to ground3233 * 10K resistor:3435 * ends to +5V and ground3637 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)3839 Library originally added 18 Apr 20084041 by David A. Mellis4243 library modified 5 Jul 20094445 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)4647 example added 9 Jul 20094849 by Tom Igoe5051 modified 22 Nov 20105253 by Tom Igoe5455 modified 7 Nov 20165657 by Arturo Guadalupi5859 This example code is in the public domain.6061 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalBlink6263*/6465// include the library code:66#include 6768// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin69// with the arduino pin number it is connected to7071const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;7273LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);7475void setup() {7677 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:7879 lcd.begin(16, 2);8081 // Print a message to the LCD.8283 lcd.print(“hello, world!”);84}8586void loop() {8788 // Turn off the blinking cursor:8990 lcd.noBlink();9192 delay(3000);9394 // Turn on the blinking cursor:9596 lcd.blink();9798 delay(3000);99}

Cursor

This example sketch shows how to use the

and

cursor()


methods to control an underscore-style cursor.

noCursor()


1/*23 LiquidCrystal Library – Cursor45 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal67 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the89 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you1011 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.1213 This sketch prints “Hello World!” to the LCD and1415 uses the cursor() and noCursor() methods to turn1617 on and off the cursor.1819 The circuit:2021 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 122223 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 112425 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 52627 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 42829 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 33031 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 23233 * LCD R/W pin to ground3435 * 10K resistor:3637 * ends to +5V and ground3839 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)4041 Library originally added 18 Apr 20084243 by David A. Mellis4445 library modified 5 Jul 20094647 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)4849 example added 9 Jul 20095051 by Tom Igoe5253 modified 22 Nov 20105455 by Tom Igoe5657 modified 7 Nov 20165859 by Arturo Guadalupi6061 This example code is in the public domain.6263 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalCursor6465*/6667// include the library code:68#include 6970// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin71// with the arduino pin number it is connected to7273const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;7475LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);7677void setup() {7879 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:8081 lcd.begin(16, 2);8283 // Print a message to the LCD.8485 lcd.print(“hello, world!”);86}8788void loop() {8990 // Turn off the cursor:9192 lcd.noCursor();9394 delay(500);9596 // Turn on the cursor:9798 lcd.cursor();99100 delay(500);101}

Display Example

This example sketch shows how to use the

and

display()


methods to turn on and off the display. The text to be displayed will still be preserved when you use noDisplay() so it’s a quick way to blank the display without losing everything on it.

noDisplay()


1/*2 LiquidCrystal Library – display() and noDisplay()34 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal5 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the6 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you7 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.89 This sketch prints “Hello World!” to the LCD and uses the10 display() and noDisplay() functions to turn on and off11 the display.1213 The circuit:14 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 1215 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 1116 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 517 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 418 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 319 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 220 * LCD R/W pin to ground21 * 10K resistor:22 * ends to +5V and ground23 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)2425 Library originally added 18 Apr 200826 by David A. Mellis27 library modified 5 Jul 200928 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)29 example added 9 Jul 200930 by Tom Igoe31 modified 22 Nov 201032 by Tom Igoe33 modified 7 Nov 201634 by Arturo Guadalupi3536 This example code is in the public domain.3738 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalDisplay3940*/4142// include the library code:43#include 4445// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin46// with the arduino pin number it is connected to47const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;48LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);4950void setup() {51 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:52 lcd.begin(16, 2);53 // Print a message to the LCD.54 lcd.print(“hello, world!”);55}5657void loop() {58 // Turn off the display:59 lcd.noDisplay();60 delay(500);61 // Turn on the display:62 lcd.display();63 delay(500);64}

Scroll Example

This example sketch shows how to use the

and

scrollDisplayLeft()


methods to reverse the direction the text is flowing. It prints “Hello World!”, scrolls it offscreen to the left, then offscreen to the right, then back to home.

scrollDisplayRight()


1/*2 LiquidCrystal Library – scrollDisplayLeft() and scrollDisplayRight()34 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal5 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the6 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you7 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.89 This sketch prints “Hello World!” to the LCD and uses the10 scrollDisplayLeft() and scrollDisplayRight() methods to scroll11 the text.1213 The circuit:14 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 1215 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 1116 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 517 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 418 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 319 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 220 * LCD R/W pin to ground21 * 10K resistor:22 * ends to +5V and ground23 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)2425 Library originally added 18 Apr 200826 by David A. Mellis27 library modified 5 Jul 200928 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)29 example added 9 Jul 200930 by Tom Igoe31 modified 22 Nov 201032 by Tom Igoe33 modified 7 Nov 201634 by Arturo Guadalupi3536 This example code is in the public domain.3738 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalScroll3940*/4142// include the library code:43#include 4445// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin46// with the arduino pin number it is connected to47const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;48LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);4950void setup() {51 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:52 lcd.begin(16, 2);53 // Print a message to the LCD.54 lcd.print(“hello, world!”);55 delay(1000);56}5758void loop() {59 // scroll 13 positions (string length) to the left60 // to move it offscreen left:61 for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 13; positionCounter++) {62 // scroll one position left:63 lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();64 // wait a bit:65 delay(150);66 }6768 // scroll 29 positions (string length + display length) to the right69 // to move it offscreen right:70 for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 29; positionCounter++) {71 // scroll one position right:72 lcd.scrollDisplayRight();73 // wait a bit:74 delay(150);75 }7677 // scroll 16 positions (display length + string length) to the left78 // to move it back to center:79 for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 16; positionCounter++) {80 // scroll one position left:81 lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();82 // wait a bit:83 delay(150);84 }8586 // delay at the end of the full loop:87 delay(1000);8889}

Serial to Display Example

This example sketch accepts serial input from a host computer and displays it on the LCD. To use it, upload the sketch, then open the Serial Monitor and type some characters and click Send. The text will appear on your LCD.

1/*2 LiquidCrystal Library – Serial Input34 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal5 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the6 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you7 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.89 This sketch displays text sent over the serial port10 (e.g. from the Serial Monitor) on an attached LCD.1112 The circuit:13 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 1214 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 1115 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 516 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 417 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 318 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 219 * LCD R/W pin to ground20 * 10K resistor:21 * ends to +5V and ground22 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)2324 Library originally added 18 Apr 200825 by David A. Mellis26 library modified 5 Jul 200927 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)28 example added 9 Jul 200929 by Tom Igoe30 modified 22 Nov 201031 by Tom Igoe32 modified 7 Nov 201633 by Arturo Guadalupi3435 This example code is in the public domain.3637 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalSerialDisplay3839*/4041// include the library code:42#include 4344// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin45// with the arduino pin number it is connected to46const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;47LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);4849void setup() {50 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:51 lcd.begin(16, 2);52 // initialize the serial communications:53 Serial.begin(9600);54}5556void loop() {57 // when characters arrive over the serial port…58 if (Serial.available()) {59 // wait a bit for the entire message to arrive60 delay(100);61 // clear the screen62 lcd.clear();63 // read all the available characters64 while (Serial.available() > 0) {65 // display each character to the LCD66 lcd.write(Serial.read());67 }68 }69}

Set Cursor Example

This example sketch shows how to use the

method to reposition the cursor. To move the cursor, just call

setCursor()


with a row and column position. For example, for a 2×16 display:

setCursor()


1lcd.setCursor(0, 0); // top left2lcd.setCursor(15, 0); // top right3lcd.setCursor(0, 1); // bottom left4lcd.setCursor(15, 1); // bottom right

Here is the full example:

1/*23 LiquidCrystal Library – setCursor45 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal67 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the89 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you1011 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.1213 This sketch prints to all the positions of the LCD using the1415 setCursor() method:1617 The circuit:1819 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 122021 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 112223 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 52425 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 42627 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 32829 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 23031 * LCD R/W pin to ground3233 * 10K resistor:3435 * ends to +5V and ground3637 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)3839 Library originally added 18 Apr 20084041 by David A. Mellis4243 library modified 5 Jul 20094445 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)4647 example added 9 Jul 20094849 by Tom Igoe5051 modified 22 Nov 20105253 by Tom Igoe5455 modified 7 Nov 20165657 by Arturo Guadalupi5859 This example code is in the public domain.6061 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalSetCursor6263*/6465// include the library code:66#include 6768// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin69// with the arduino pin number it is connected to7071const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;7273LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);7475// these constants won’t change. But you can change the size of76// your LCD using them:7778const int numRows = 2;7980const int numCols = 16;8182void setup() {8384 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:8586 lcd.begin(numCols, numRows);87}8889void loop() {9091 // loop from ASCII ‘a’ to ASCII ‘z’:9293 for (int thisLetter = ‘a’; thisLetter <= ‘z’; thisLetter++) {9495 // loop over the columns:9697 for (int thisRow = 0; thisRow < numRows; thisRow++) {9899 // loop over the rows:100101 for (int thisCol = 0; thisCol < numCols; thisCol++) {102103 // set the cursor position:104105 lcd.setCursor(thisCol, thisRow);106107 // print the letter:108109 lcd.write(thisLetter);110111 delay(200);112113 }114115 }116117 }118}

Text Direction Example

This example sketch shows how to use the

and

leftToRight()


methods. These methods control which way text flows from the cursor.

rightToLeft()


• causes text to flow to the left from the cursor, as if the display is right-justified.

  
rightToLeft()


• causes text to flow to the right from the cursor, as if the display is left-justified.

  
leftToRight()


This sketch prints

through

right to left, then

through

left to right, then

through

right to left again.

1/*23 LiquidCrystal Library – TextDirection45 Demonstrates the use a 16×2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal67 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the89 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you1011 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.1213 This sketch demonstrates how to use leftToRight() and rightToLeft()1415 to move the cursor.1617 The circuit:1819 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 122021 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 112223 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 52425 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 42627 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 32829 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 23031 * LCD R/W pin to ground3233 * 10K resistor:3435 * ends to +5V and ground3637 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)3839 Library originally added 18 Apr 20084041 by David A. Mellis4243 library modified 5 Jul 20094445 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)4647 example added 9 Jul 20094849 by Tom Igoe5051 modified 22 Nov 20105253 by Tom Igoe5455 modified 7 Nov 20165657 by Arturo Guadalupi5859 This example code is in the public domain.6061 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalTextDirection6263*/6465// include the library code:66#include 6768// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin69// with the arduino pin number it is connected to7071const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;7273LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);7475int thisChar = ‘a’;7677void setup() {7879 // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows:8081 lcd.begin(16, 2);8283 // turn on the cursor:8485 lcd.cursor();86}8788void loop() {8990 // reverse directions at ‘m’:9192 if (thisChar == ‘m’) {9394 // go right for the next letter9596 lcd.rightToLeft();9798 }99100 // reverse again at ‘s’:101102 if (thisChar == ‘s’) {103104 // go left for the next letter105106 lcd.leftToRight();107108 }109110 // reset at ‘z’:111112 if (thisChar > ‘z’) {113114 // go to (0,0):115116 lcd.home();117118 // start again at 0119120 thisChar = ‘a’;121122 }123124 // print the character125126 lcd.write(thisChar);127128 // wait a second:129130 delay(1000);131132 // increment the letter:133134 thisChar++;135}

Custom Character

This example demonstrates how to add custom characters on an LCD display.

Note that this example requires an additional potentiometer:

• Outer pins connected to 5V and GND.
• Inner pin (wiper) connected to A0.

This potentiometer controls the

variable.

delayTime


1/*2 LiquidCrystal Library – Custom Characters34 Demonstrates how to add custom characters on an LCD display.5 The LiquidCrystal library works with all LCD displays that are6 compatible with the Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of7 them out there, and you can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.89 This sketch prints “I

Arduino!” and a little dancing man10 to the LCD.1112 The circuit:13 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 1214 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 1115 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 516 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 417 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 318 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 219 * LCD R/W pin to ground20 * 10K potentiometer:21 * ends to +5V and ground22 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)23 * 10K poterntiometer on pin A02425 created 21 Mar 201126 by Tom Igoe27 modified 11 Nov 201328 by Scott Fitzgerald29 modified 7 Nov 201630 by Arturo Guadalupi3132 Based on Adafruit’s example at33 https://github.com/adafruit/SPI_VFD/blob/master/examples/createChar/createChar.pde3435 This example code is in the public domain.36 https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/electronics/lcd-displays#custom-character3738 Also useful:39 http://icontexto.com/charactercreator/4041*/4243// include the library code:44#include 4546// initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin47// with the arduino pin number it is connected to48const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;49LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);5051// make some custom characters:52byte heart[8] = {53 0b00000,54 0b01010,55 0b11111,56 0b11111,57 0b11111,58 0b01110,59 0b00100,60 0b0000061};6263byte smiley[8] = {64 0b00000,65 0b00000,66 0b01010,67 0b00000,68 0b00000,69 0b10001,70 0b01110,71 0b0000072};7374byte frownie[8] = {75 0b00000,76 0b00000,77 0b01010,78 0b00000,79 0b00000,80 0b00000,81 0b01110,82 0b1000183};8485byte armsDown[8] = {86 0b00100,87 0b01010,88 0b00100,89 0b00100,90 0b01110,91 0b10101,92 0b00100,93 0b0101094};9596byte armsUp[8] = {97 0b00100,98 0b01010,99 0b00100,100 0b10101,101 0b01110,102 0b00100,103 0b00100,104 0b01010105};106107void setup() {108 // initialize LCD and set up the number of columns and rows:109 lcd.begin(16, 2);110111 // create a new character112 lcd.createChar(0, heart);113 // create a new character114 lcd.createChar(1, smiley);115 // create a new character116 lcd.createChar(2, frownie);117 // create a new character118 lcd.createChar(3, armsDown);119 // create a new character120 lcd.createChar(4, armsUp);121122 // set the cursor to the top left123 lcd.setCursor(0, 0);124125 // Print a message to the lcd.126 lcd.print(“I “);127 lcd.write(byte(0)); // when calling lcd.write() ‘0’ must be cast as a byte128 lcd.print(” Arduino! “);129 lcd.write((byte)1);130131}132133void loop() {134 // read the potentiometer on A0:135 int sensorReading = analogRead(A0);136 // map the result to 200 – 1000:137 int delayTime = map(sensorReading, 0, 1023, 200, 1000);138 // set the cursor to the bottom row, 5th position:139 lcd.setCursor(4, 1);140 // draw the little man, arms down:141 lcd.write(3);142 delay(delayTime);143 lcd.setCursor(4, 1);144 // draw him arms up:145 lcd.write(4);146 delay(delayTime);147}

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Code test cơ bản

#include void loop()

Code Đếm số 0 đến 9 LCD 16×2 I2C

#include void loop()

Code test cơ bản

#include void loop()

Code Đếm số 0 đến 9 LCD 16×2 I2C

#include void loop()

Tổng quan LCD 16×2 và giao tiếp I2C LCD sử dụng Arduino

Code mẫu

#include

#include LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x3F,16,2); void setup() { lcd.init(); lcd.backlight(); lcd.setCursor(2,0); lcd.print(“Arduinokit.vn”); lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print(“Xin chao cac ban”); } void loop() { }

Giải thích code

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x3F,16,2);

• Đặt địa chỉ LCD là 0x3F cho màn hình LCD 16×2.
• 16 là số cột của màn hình (nếu dùng loại màn hình 20×4) thì thay bằng 20.
• 2 là số dòng của màn hình (nếu dùng loại màn hình 20×4) thì thay bằng 4.

lcd.init();

Khởi động màn hình LCD, bắt đầu cho phép Arduino sử dụng màn hình.

lcd.backlight();

Bật đèn nền LCD 16×2.

lcd.setCursor(2,0);

Đưa con trỏ tới hàng 1, cột 3.

Lưu ý: giá trị hàng và cột bắt đầu từ số 0 có nghĩa 0 là hàng(cột) 1.

lcd.print(“Arduinokit.vn”);

Xuất ra dòng chữ Arduinokit.vn tại vị trí con trỏ ở hàng 1, cột 3.

lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print(“Xin chao cac ban”);

Đoạn code này thì tương tự như trên, xuất ra dòng chữ “Xin chao cac ban” tại vị trí con trỏ ở hàng 2, cột 1.

Bây giờ thì các bạn upload chương trình và xem kết quả nhé.

Giới thiệu LCD 16×2

Thông số kỹ thuật LCD 16×2

LCD 16×2 được sử dụng để hiển thị trạng thái hoặc các thông số.

• LCD 16×2 có 16 chân trong đó 8 chân dữ liệu (D0 – D7) và 3 chân điều khiển (RS, RW, EN).
• 5 chân còn lại dùng để cấp nguồn và đèn nền cho LCD 16×2.
• Các chân điều khiển giúp ta dễ dàng cấu hình LCD ở chế độ lệnh hoặc chế độ dữ liệu.
• Chúng còn giúp ta cấu hình ở chế độ đọc hoặc ghi.

LCD 16×2 có thể sử dụng ở chế độ 4 bit hoặc 8 bit tùy theo ứng dụng ta đang làm.

Code màn hình LCD 16×2 Arduino

// include the library code: #include // Creates an LCD object. Parameters: (rs, enable, d4, d5, d6, d7) LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2); void setup() { // set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows: lcd.begin(16, 2); // Clears the LCD screen lcd.clear(); } void loop() { // Print a message to the LCD. lcd.print(” Hello world!”); // set the cursor to column 0, line 1 // (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0): lcd.setCursor(0, 1); // Print a message to the LCD. lcd.print(” LCD Tutorial”); }

Giải thích code

// include the library code: #include

Khai báo để sử dụng thư viện LiquidCrystal, cho phép tương tác với màn hình LCD 16×2.

// Creates an LCD object. Parameters: (rs, enable, d4, d5, d6, d7) LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);


LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

khởi tạo đối tượng lcd từ lớp LiquidCrystal. Các tham số truyền vào định nghĩa các chân kết nối giữa Arduino và màn hình LCD. Cụ thể, chân RS (Register Select) của LCD được kết nối với chân 12 của Arduino, chân Enable được kết nối với chân 11, các chân dữ liệu D4 đến D7 được kết nối tương ứng với chân 5, 4, 3, 2 của Arduino.

// set up the LCD’s number of columns and rows: lcd.begin(16, 2); // Clears the LCD screen lcd.clear();


lcd.begin(16, 2);

Thiết lập số cột và số hàng của màn hình LCD 16×2. Trong trường hợp này, màn hình LCD có 16 cột và 2 hàng.


lcd.clear();

Xóa nội dung trên màn hình LCD Arduino.

// Print a message to the LCD. lcd.print(” Hello world!”);


lcd.print(" Hello world!");

Hiển thị chuỗi “Hello world!” lên màn hình LCD 1602. Chuỗi này sẽ được hiển thị trên dòng 0 (hàng đầu tiên) và từ cột 0 trở đi.

// set the cursor to column 0, line 1 // (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0): lcd.setCursor(0, 1);


lcd.setCursor(0, 1);

Đặt vị trí con trỏ của LCD 16×2 tới cột 0, dòng 1 (hàng thứ hai).

Các chức năng chính của thư viện LiquidCrystal

Dưới đây là một số chức năng hữu ích mà bạn có thể sử dụng với đối tượng LiquidCrystal:

• 
lcd.home()

  : Định vị con trỏ ở góc trên bên trái của màn hình LCD 16×2 mà không xóa nội dung hiện tại trên màn hình.

• 
lcd.blink()

  : Hiển thị một khối nhấp nháy 5×8 pixel tại vị trí mà ký tự tiếp theo sẽ được viết.

• 
lcd.noBlink()

  : Tắt chế độ nhấp nháy của con trỏ trên LCD 1602.

• 
lcd.cursor()

  : Hiển thị một dấu gạch dưới (dòng) tại vị trí mà ký tự tiếp theo sẽ được viết.

• 
lcd.noCursor()

  : Ẩn con trỏ trên LCD Arduino.

• 
lcd.scrollDisplayRight()

  : Cuộn nội dung của màn hình sang phải một khoảng trống. Nếu bạn muốn văn bản cuộn liên tục, bạn có thể sử dụng chức năng này trong một vòng lặp.

• 
lcd.scrollDisplayLeft()

  : Cuộn nội dung của màn hình sang trái một khoảng trống. Tương tự như chức năng trên, bạn có thể sử dụng chức năng này trong một vòng lặp để cuộn liên tục.

• 
lcd.noDisplay()

  : Tắt màn hình LCD 16×2 mà không làm mất nội dung hiện đang hiển thị trên đó.

• 
lcd.display()

  : Bật màn hình LCD Arduino sau khi nó đã được tắt bằng noDisplay(). Thao tác này sẽ khôi phục hiển thị nội dung (và con trỏ) trên màn hình.