Jdk Jre And Jvm | What Is Jvm, Jre, Jdk And Jit

Out of all the programming languages, Java is the most common one for the purpose of development today. Most developers use it for mobile and desktop computing, game development, back-end development, etc. Here, JVM, JRE, and JDK play a crucial role in the development process with Java. Before getting a detailed knowledge of this language, we must know the significant difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM. In this article, we will discuss the same. But first, let’s get a brief overview of them individually.

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Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

JVM is an abstract computing machine used to implement Java language. JVM is the key component in the Java eco system. Java’s important property is platform independence and to achieve that the role of JVM is critical. The JVM sits on top of the hardware and is used to execute the Java programs. Input for the JVM is Java byte code and it interprets the instructions in the byte code thus executing the programs.

What is JVM?

JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine, and it is a software component that allows your computer to run Java programs. When we write a Java program, it is compiled into bytecode. This bytecode can not execute on its own and requires JVM to run it.

The JVM has the responsibility of executing the bytecode and converting it into machine code that can be understood by the computer. The JVM also manages memory usage and performs garbage collection, which is the process of deallocating memory that is no longer needed by the program.

Listed below are some features of JVM

• JVM converts byte code into machine code which is understood by the computer.
• JVM provides fundamental Java functionalities such as management of memory, garbage collection, and so on.
• JVM uses libraries and files of JRE to run the java program.
• JVM is an essential component of JRE.
• It is capable of executing the java program line by line. Hence, it is also referred to as an interpreter.
• Primary functions of JVM includes program loading, linking, initialization, and compilation.

What is JVM?

JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine. It provides a runtime environment for driving Java applications or code. JVM is an abstract machine that converts the Java bytecode into a machine language. It is also capable of running the programs written by programmers in other languages (compiled to the Java bytecode). The JVM is also known as a virtual machine as it does not exist physically.

JVM is essentially a part of the JRE (Java Run Environment). You cannot separately download and install it. You first need to install the JRE to install the JVM. It is available for many software and hardware platforms. In various distinct programming languages, the compiler functions to produce machine code for specific systems. However, only the Java compiler produces code for a virtual machine- also known as JVM.

All three, JDK, JRE, and JVM, are dependent. It is because each Operating System’s (OS) condition is different from one another. But Java is independent of the platform. The JVM has three notions: implementation, instance, and specification.

JVM primarily performs the following tasks:

• Provides runtime environment
• Verifies code
• Loads code
• Executes code

Difference Between JDK, JRE and JVM

After reading the above introduction of all three components, now we will go through the table below to see the head-to-head difference between JDK JRE and JVM.

ConclusionIn essence, comprehending the disparity between JDK, JRE, and JVM is crucial for any Java developer. The JDK encompasses the complete set of tools needed for Java development, including the JRE, whereas the JRE is an execution environment for running Java applications. On the other hand, the JVM is the runtime instance that executes Java bytecode. Together, these components form a cohesive ecosystem that facilitates Java programming, ensuring seamless development, deployment, and execution of Java applications across various platforms.

What is JRE?

JRE stands for Java Runtime Environment- also written as Java RTE. It is a set of software tools designed for running other software. It is an implementation of JVM, and JRE provides a runtime environment. In short, a user needs JRE to run any Java program. If not a programmer, the user doesn’t need to install the JDK- JRE alone will help run the Java programs.

All the versions of JDK come bundled up with the JRE (Java Runtime Environment). This way, a user doesn’t have to download and install JRE on their PC separately. The JRE also exists physically. It consists of a library set + a few more files that the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) deploys at the runtime.

What is JRE?

JRE (Java Runtime Environment) is a software package that provides Java class libraries, Java Virtual Machine (JVM), and other components that are required to run Java applications.

JRE is the superset of JVM.

If you need to run Java programs, but not develop them, JRE is what you need. You can download JRE from Java SE Runtime Environment 8 Downloads page.

Cấu hình không gian heap(Configuring heap space)

Không gian heap là phần động nhất của hệ thống bộ nhớ Java. Bạn có thể sử dụng các cờ -Xms và -Xmx để cho Java biết mức độ lớn để bắt đầu heap và mức độ lớn để cho phép nó trở thành. Hiểu cách điều chỉnh các cờ này cho các nhu cầu chương trình cụ thể là một khía cạnh quan trọng của quản lý bộ nhớ trong Java. Ý tưởng là làm cho heap đủ lớn để garbage collection hoạt động hiệu quả nhất. Đó là, bạn muốn cho phép đủ bộ nhớ để cho chương trình chạy, nhưng bạn không muốn nó lớn hơn mức cần thiết.

Difference Between JDK, JRE, and JVM

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Trong bài này, chúng ta sẽ tìm hiểu về JVM, JRE, JDK. Nó bao gồm những thành phần nào và nhiệm vụ của nó là gì?

JVM (Java Virtual Machine) là tạo ra môi trường máy ảo để thực thi mã java bytecode.

• Máy ảo Java là phần mềm giả lập máy tính, nó tập hợp các lệnh logic để xác định hoạt động của máy.
• Có thể xem nó như là một hệ điều hành thu nhỏ.
• JVM chuyển mã byte code thành machine code tùy theo môi trường tương ứng (gọi là khả năng khả chuyển)
• JVM cung cấp môi trường thực thi cho chương trình Java (gọi đó là khả năng độc lập với nền).

JVM có sẵn trong nhiều phần cứng và nền tảng phần mềm.

JVM gồm 4 nhiệm vụ chính: Load code, Verifies code, Executes code, Provides runtime enviroment.

JRE viết tắt Java Runtime Enviromement. Nó bao gồm các thư viện và các file mà JVM sử dụng lúc thực thi.

JDK viết tắt của Java Development Kit. Nó gồm JRE + công cụ phát triển.

Bộ công cụ JDK gồm các chương trình thực thi đáng chú ý sau:

• javac: Chương trình biên dịch các chương trình nguồn viết bằng ngôn ngữ java ra các tập tin thực thi được trên máy ảo Java.
• java: Một chương trình để dịch mã mà bạn viết thành mã bytecode, khi ứng dụng Java chạy nó dịch mã bytecode thành mã máy tính và thực thi, điều đó có nghĩa là bytecode chỉ là một mã trung gian.Đây là chương trình làm máy ảo của Java, thông dịch mã Bytecode của các chương trình kiểu application thành mã thực thi của máy thực.
• Archive (jar): Là một chương trình nén các file thành một file duy nhất có đuôi jar. Thường dùng để đóng gói các file class.
• Javadoc: Là một công cụ tạo ra tài liệu hướng dẫn sử dụng API.
• appletviewer: Bộ thông dịch, thực thi các chương trình kiểu applet.
• javadoc: Tạo tài liệu về chú thích chương trình nguồn một cách tự động.
• jdb: Trình gở rối.
• rmic: Tạo Stub cho ứng dụng kiểu RMI.
• rmiregistry: Phục vụ danh bạ (Name Server) trong hệ thống RMI

JVM, JDK, JRE: Có gì khác biệt giữa chúng?

Bài đăng này đã không được cập nhật trong 4 năm

Ba thành phần nền tảng Java không thể thiếu và cách chúng hoạt động cùng nhau trong các ứng dụng Java của bạn

Các nhà phát triển mới sử dụng Java thường tự hỏi có gì khác biệt Java Virtual Machine, Java Development Kit, Java Runtime Environment. Họ cũng tò mò về cách ba thành phần nền tảng Java này hoạt động cùng nhau trong các ứng dụng Java. Cuối cùng, các nhà phát triển cần biết họ sẽ tương tác với từng thành phần như thế nào.

Nói ngắn gọn:

• JVM là thành phần nền tảng Java thực thi các chương trình của bạn.
• JRE khởi tạo JVM và đảm bảo các phụ thuộc có sẵn cho các chương trình của bạn.
• JDK cho phép bạn tạo các chương trình Java có thể được thực thi và chạy bởi JVM và JRE.

Là nhà phát triển, bạn sẽ làm việc với JDK để viết các ứng dụng của mình và với JVM để gỡ lỗi và tối ưu hóa chúng, đặc biệt là về hiệu năng. JRE chủ yếu chạy ở chế độ nền, nhưng bạn có thể sử dụng nó để theo dõi ứng dụng và cấu hình bộ nhớ.

JVM là gi? Giới thiệu Java Virtual Machine

JVM quản lý bộ nhớ hệ thống và cung cấp môi trường thực thi di động cho các ứng dụng dựa trên Java

JRE

JRE means Java Run-time Environment. It is primarily used for the implementation of JVM software in a system. It is principally made up of Java Binaries and other classes which are used to execute programs. This software includes Base libraries for JVM and other functionalities, deployment technologies, and user interfaces. JRE cannot develop or compile Java programs. In simple words, JRE is used for running JAVA Programs in a system. It provides the system with the minimum requirements or environment needed for the execution of a Java program in a system. JRE is commonly known as Java RTE.

Java Development Kit (JDK)

Java JDK is the software bundle using which the Java applications can be developed. JDK’s main component is the Java compiler using which the Java source code is compiled to byte code. Along with the Java compiler it contains more tools like Jar, JConsole, Javaw, etc. These help tools help in various different aspects of developing a Java application. The JDK bundle can be downloaded from the above given link in Oracle’s website.

Relationship between JVM, JRE, and JDK.

By Pankaj

While we believe that this content benefits our community, we have not yet thoroughly reviewed it. If you have any suggestions for improvements, please let us know by clicking the “report an issue“ button at the bottom of the tutorial.

The difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM is one of the popular interview questions. You might also be asked to explain JDK vs JRE vs JVM.

JDK, JRE, and JVM are core concepts of Java programming language. We don’t use these concepts in programming. But, as a Java developer, we should know about them.

Java Development Kit aka JDK is the core component of Java Environment and provides all the tools, executables, and binaries required to compile, debug, and execute a Java Program. JDK is a platform-specific software and that’s why we have separate installers for Windows, Mac, and Unix systems. We can say that JDK is the superset of JRE since it contains JRE with Java compiler, debugger, and core classes.

JVM is the heart of Java programming language. When we execute a Java program, JVM is responsible for converting the byte code to the machine-specific code. JVM is also platform-dependent and provides core java functions such as memory management, garbage collection, security, etc. JVM is customizable and we can use java options to customize it. For example, allocating minimum and maximum memory to JVM. JVM is called virtual because it provides an interface that does not depend on the underlying operating system and machine hardware. This independence from hardware and the operating system makes java program write-once-run-anywhere.

JRE is the implementation of JVM. It provides a platform to execute java programs. JRE consists of JVM, Java binaries, and other classes to execute any program successfully. JRE doesn’t contain any development tools such as Java compiler, debugger, JShell, etc. If you just want to execute a java program, you can install only JRE. You don’t need JDK because there is no development or compilation of java source code is required. Now that we have a basic understanding of JDK, JVM, and JRE, let’s look into the difference between them.

Let’s look at some of the important differences between JDK, JRE, and JVM.

Sometimes you will find JIT alongside JVM, JDK, and JRE in textbooks. JIT is part of the JVM that optimizes the process of converting byte code to machine-specific language. It compiles similar byte codes at the same time and reduces the overall time taken for the compilation of byte code to machine-specific language.

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Below text from this article – JVM is called virtual because it provides an interface that does not depend on the underlying operating system and machine hardware. This independence from hardware and the operating system is what makes java program write-once-run-anywhere. Does JVM provided interface not depend on underlying platform. If that interface (i.e. loding, linking, JIT, interpreter etc) is same for all platforms then why JVMs are different for each platform. I feel this interface which takes byte code as input and gives you end result is platform dependent which makes Java platform independent. May be you can correct my understanding.

– Love Gupta

Thanks a lot!

– Saangram

Please update the version of Java.

– srinivas narla

very well explained,

– Vitthal Kasbe

JVM is also platform dependent under JVM , i hope this is a TYPO.

– Sailendra

I wish to know step by step execution and impacts , functionalties for jdk, jvm (including memory areas )m jre ? I mean i wish to know end-to-end flow when a java program gets executed (specially through various section inside JVM – among those i also wish to know impacts on memory areas (heap,stack, native area ), class loaders e.t.c.

– Bibhu Prasad Tripathy

very good.

– Leandro

Hi Pankaj, Thanks for such useful tutorials. You are doing great. Keep it up. I have some doubt about JIT. You said that it optimizes byte code to machine specific language compilation by compiling similar byte codes at same time. My question is that while converting byte code into machine specific code do all the byte code passes through JIT. Because i have heared that only interpretor also have its role in converting byte code into machine specific code. Or only similar byte codes are passes through JIT and rest all passes through interpreter. It would be very useful if you can elaborate it with some example.

– debu

This is to just let you know that you could update regarding ‘Current JDK Version’ information.

– gansai

I’m confused when I go to Oracles site to download the JDK and they ask if you want JDK for Java EE or JDK for Java SE. What if I want to ability to develop both. Do I really have to install 2 separate JDKs?

– Mike

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The article goes through explaining Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), and Java Development Kit (JDK) in detail. Moreover, it covers the differences between JVM, JRE, and JDK.

Ja

va is a popular programming language for developing various applications, from desktop software to web applications and mobile apps. When working with Java, you may come across the terms JDK, JRE, and JVM, all of which are important components of the Java ecosystem.

JDK, JRE, and JVM are three distinct components used to run Java applications, but they each serve a different purpose. Understanding the differences between these components is important for Java developers and anyone else who works with Java applications. This blog post will explore the differences between JDK, JRE, and JVM and explain why each component is important in Java development.

The article goes through explaining Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), and Java Development Kit (JDK) in detail. Moreover, it covers the differences between JVM, JRE, and JDK.

Ja

va is a popular programming language for developing various applications, from desktop software to web applications and mobile apps. When working with Java, you may come across the terms JDK, JRE, and JVM, all of which are important components of the Java ecosystem.

JDK, JRE, and JVM are three distinct components used to run Java applications, but they each serve a different purpose. Understanding the differences between these components is important for Java developers and anyone else who works with Java applications. This blog post will explore the differences between JDK, JRE, and JVM and explain why each component is important in Java development.

Java Development Kit (JDK) is a software development environment used for developing Java applications and applets. It includes the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), an interpreter/loader (Java), a compiler (javac), an archiver (jar), a documentation generator (Javadoc), and other tools needed in Java development.

Now we need an environment to make a run of our program. Henceforth, JRE stands for “Java Runtime Environment” and may also be written as “Java RTE.” The Java Runtime Environment provides the minimum requirements for executing a Java application; it consists of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), core classes, and supporting files.

Now let us discuss JVM, which stands out for java virtual machines. It is as follows:

• A specification where the working of Java Virtual Machine is specified. But implementation provider is independent to choose the algorithm. Its implementation has been provided by Sun and other companies.
• An implementation is a computer program that meets the requirements of the JVM specification.
• Runtime Instance Whenever you write a java command on the command prompt to run the java class, an instance of JVM is created.

Before proceeding to the differences between JDK, JRE, and JVM, let us discuss them in brief first and interrelate them with the image below proposed.

Don’t get confused as we are going to discuss all of them one by one.

1. JDK (Java Development Kit) is a Kit that provides the environment to develop and execute(run) the Java program. JDK is a kit(or package) that includes two things

• Development Tools(to provide an environment to develop your java programs)
• JRE (to execute your java program).

2. JRE (Java Runtime Environment) is an installation package that provides an environment to only run(not develop) the java program(or application)onto your machine. JRE is only used by those who only want to run Java programs that are end-users of your system.

3. JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is a very important part of both JDK and JRE because it is contained or inbuilt in both. Whatever Java program you run using JRE or JDK goes into JVM and JVM is responsible for executing the java program line by line, hence it is also known as an interpreter.

Now let us discuss the components of JRE in order to understand its importance of it and perceive how it actually works. For this let us discuss components.

The components of JRE are as follows:

1. Deployment technologies, including deployment, Java Web Start, and Java Plug-in.
2. User interface toolkits, including Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT), Swing, Java 2D, Accessibility, Image I/O, Print Service, Sound, drag, and drop (DnD), and input methods.
3. Integration libraries, including Interface Definition Language (IDL), Java Database Connectivity (JDBC), Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI), Remote Method Invocation (RMI), Remote Method Invocation Over Internet Inter-Orb Protocol (RMI-IIOP), and scripting.
4. Other base libraries, including international support, input/output (I/O), extension mechanism, Beans, Java Management Extensions (JMX), Java Native Interface (JNI), Math, Networking, Override Mechanism, Security, Serialization, and Java for XML Processing (XML JAXP).
5. Lang and util base libraries, including lang and util, management, versioning, zip, instrument, reflection, Collections, Concurrency Utilities, Java Archive (JAR), Logging, Preferences API, Ref Objects, and Regular Expressions.
6. Java Virtual Machine (JVM), including Java HotSpot Client and Server Virtual Machines.

After having an adequate understanding of the components, now let us discuss the working of JDK. In order to understand how JDK works, let us consider an illustration below as follows:

Illustration:

Consider a java source file saved as ‘Example.java’. The file is compiled into a set of Byte Code that is stored in a “.class” file. Here it will be “Example.class“.

Note: From above, media operation computing during the compile time can be interpreted.The following actions occur at runtime as listed below:

• Class Loader
• Byte Code Verifier
• Interpreter
  • Execute the Byte Code
  • Make appropriate calls to the underlying hardware

Now let us discuss in brief how JVM works out. It is as follows:

JVM becomes an instance of JRE at the runtime of a Java program. It is widely known as a runtime interpreter.JVM largely helps in the abstraction of inner implementation from the programmers who make use of libraries for their programs from JDK.

It is mainly responsible for three activities.

• Loading
• Linking
• Initialization

Similarly, now let us discuss the working of JRE which is as follows:

• JVM(Java Virtual Machine) acts as a run-time engine to run Java applications. JVM is the one that actually calls the main method present in a java code. JVM is a part of JRE(Java Runtime Environment).
• Java applications are called WORA (Write Once Run Anywhere). This means a programmer can develop Java code on one system and can expect it to run on any other Java-enabled system without any adjustments. This is all possible because of JVM.
• When we compile a .java file, .class files(contains byte-code) with the same class names present in .java file are generated by the Java compiler. This .class file goes into various steps when we run it. These steps together describe the whole JVM.